Famous Monuments in India Built by Women
When we think of India’s grand monuments, we often associate them with the powerful emperors and kings who commissioned them. However, history tells a different story—one where remarkable women played a crucial role in shaping the country’s architectural heritage. Here are some of the most famous monuments in India that owe their existence to visionary women.
Humayun’s Tomb, Delhi – A Wife’s Tribute
One of Delhi’s most famous Monuments, Humayun’s Tomb, was commissioned by Bega Begum, also known as Haji Begum, in memory of her husband, Mughal Emperor Humayun. Built in 1565, this magnificent structure became the first garden tomb in India, blending Persian and Mughal architectural styles. The grandeur and symmetry of Humayun’s Tomb later served as an inspiration for the Taj Mahal. Today, it stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of love and remembrance.
Taj-ul-Masajid, Bhopal – A Mosque of Royal Vision
Bhopal’s Taj-ul-Masajid, one of the largest mosques in India, was commissioned in the 19th century by Begum Shah Jahan of Bhopal, a powerful female ruler of the region. Its towering minarets, massive domes, and intricate detailing are reminiscent of Mughal architecture. Though construction began during her reign, it was completed much later. Today, it serves as a place of worship and a stunning example of the contributions of women to India’s architectural legacy.
Rani ki Vav, Gujarat – A Stepwell of Devotion
Rani ki Vav, located in Patan, Gujarat, is an intricately designed stepwell built in the 11th century by Queen Udayamati in memory of her husband, King Bhima I of the Solanki dynasty. This architectural marvel, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is adorned with exquisite sculptures depicting Hindu mythology. The stepwell was not just a water reservoir but also a place of spiritual and social importance. Its significance is further highlighted by its depiction on the ₹100 currency note.
Virupaksha Temple, Karnataka – A Celebration of Victory
Located in Pattadakal, Karnataka, the Virupaksha Temple was built in the 8th century by Queen Lokamahadevi to commemorate her husband King Vikramaditya II’s victory over the Pallavas. As a masterpiece of Chalukyan architecture, the temple is adorned with intricate carvings and remains an important place of worship. Part of the Group of Monuments at Pattadakal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the temple reflects the artistic brilliance and devotion of its royal patron.
Dakshineswar Kali Temple, West Bengal – A Spiritual Vision
Rani Rashmoni, a philanthropist and devotee of Goddess Kali, envisioned and commissioned the Dakshineswar Kali Temple in Kolkata in the 19th century. The temple, which is dedicated to Goddess Kali, gained prominence due to its association with Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, who served as its chief priest. Even today, the temple attracts thousands of devotees and stands as a testament to the spiritual leadership of women in Indian history.
A Lasting Legacy
These extraordinary famous monuments, built under the patronage of visionary women, showcase the profound impact women have had on India’s cultural and architectural history. Their contributions, often overshadowed by those of male rulers, deserve to be celebrated and remembered as an integral part of India’s heritage.
